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1356 Basel earthquake
The Basel earthquake of 18 October 1356 is the most significant seismological event to have occurred in Central Europe in recorded history and had a moment magnitude in the range of 6.0–7.1.〔(Centrale Nucléaire de Fessenheim : appréciation du risque sismique ) RÉSONANCE Ingénieurs-Conseils SA, published 2007-09-05, pages 12, 13〕 This earthquake is also known as the 'Séisme de la Saint-Luc', as 18 October is the feast day of Saint Luke the Evangelist.
==Earthquake==
After a precursor tremblor between 19:00 and 20:00 local time, the main earthquake struck in the evening at around 22:00, and numerous aftershocks followed through that night.〔Von Waltenkofen K. (1357). Alphabetum Narrationum.〕 Basel experienced a second, very violent shock in the middle of the night. The town within the ramparts was destroyed by a fire when torches and candles falling to the floor set the wooden houses ablaze. The number of deaths within the town of Basel alone is estimated at 300. All major churches and castles within a radius of Basel were destroyed.〔
The seismic crisis lasted a year. The modeling of the macroseismic data〔 suggests that the earthquake's source had an east-west orientation, a direction corresponding with the overlapping faults on the Jura Front.〔Meyer, B., Lacassin, R., Brulhet, J., Mouroux, B., 1994. "The Basel 1356 earthquake: which fault produced it?" ''Terra Nova'' 6, 54–63.〕 On the other hand, recent paleoseismologic studies attribute the cause of this earthquake to a normal fault, oriented NNE-SSW and south of the town.〔Meghraoui M., Delouis B., Ferry M., Giardini D., Huggenberger P., Spottke I. et M. Granet (2001). "Active Normal Faulting in the Upper Rhine Graben and Paleoseismic Identification of the 1356 Basel Earthquake" ''Science'', 293, pp. 2070–73. 〕 The significant magnitude of the event suggests a possible extension of this fault under the town itself.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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